Cobalt Functions;Used in the synthesis if Vitamin B12 and required for the growth of rumen bacteria.
Deficiency Symptoms; Loss of appetite, reduced growth, loss in body weight,followed by emaciation, anemia and death. Adepraved appetite may be observed. When associated with Copper deficiency is known as “Salt Stick”.May be known as Denmark disease, Coast Disease. Enzootic Marasmus, Bush sickness, Wasting disease. Nakuritis and Pining disease.
Copper functions;Essential for haemoglobin formation, enzyme systems, hair and bone development,pigmentation, reproduction and lactation.
Deficiency Symptoms; Fading hair coat, light, straight wool growth(steely wool). Nervous systems, lameness, swelling of joints, fragility of bones and anemia.
Iodine FunctionsEssential for the production of thyroxin ( a hormone which controls the rate of metabolism/heat production) in the thyroid gland.
Deficiency Symptoms; Goiter in calves, lambs and kids. Stillbirths, weak young , hairless pigs andwool less lambs at birth. Known as cretinism in young animals, mzedema in adults.
Iron Functions; A consstituent of haemoglobin- the iron containing molecule that transports oxeygen in the blood and other enzymes involved with ozygen transfer.
Deficiency Symptoms; Anemia- fewer red blood cells and lower haemoglobin levels.
Manganese Functions; Essential for the normal bone formation, growth and reproduction. Activator of enzyme systems involved in oxidative phosphorylation, amino acids metabolism, fatty acaid synthesis and cholesterol.
Deficiency Symptoms;Poor growth, lameness, shortening and bowing of the legs, enlarged joints, knuckling over in calves, testicular degeneration in males and impaired ovulation in females, Slipped tendons in poultry.
Molybdenum Functions; Is a constituent of the enzyme xanthine oxidase-important in poultry for the production of uric acid. Stilulates action of rumen organisms.
Selenium Functions; Involved in Vitamen E abdsorption and retention, prevenyts degeneration andfrbrosis of the pancreas of chicks.
Deficiency Symptoms;Nutritional muscular dystrophy in lambs ans calves. Liver necrosis in pigs.Exudative diathesis.
Silicon Functions; Involved in the mineralisation of bones
Zinc Functions; Important for bone and feather development. Is a component of several enzyme systems e.g. carbonic anhydrase and is required for protein systhesis and metabolism.
Deficiency Symptoms; Loss of appetite and stunted growth, poor hair and feather development, Rough, thick in swine (parakeratosis)
